輝達絕不被AI搶走飯碗！黃仁勳：台灣應投資核能
【記者蕭文康／台北報導】
輝達執行長黃仁勳在仲安科技舉辦的「洞察AI趨勢」峰會上，被與會者問到未來10年內AI產業最大挑戰？他主動提及「我關心能源」，他也鼓勵台灣政府支持能源政策，「我們需要來自各種能源，像是風力、太陽能、核能等，你應該要投資核能，擁有能源不應該是一種污名」，他強調，台灣也需要能源，不應該有任何社會污名。
個人積分：5分
文章編號：91615771
個人積分：5分
文章編號：91615786
編譯潘勛／綜合報導 2025-05-24 08:47 ET
美國核能發電已停滯許久，川普主張開發核能及燃煤發電，簽署行政命令加速新核能電廠興建。（美聯社）
川普總統23日簽署一批行政命令，旨在讓進展緩慢的核能產業能加速成長；川普宣布，以核能來滿足美國對電力的需求，「現在時候到了」，政府希望川普任內，核反應爐能測試、部署到各地。
華爾街日報(WSJ)報導，川普行政命令勾勒計畫，翻修美國核能監管單位、加速頒發執照給新核電廠專案、提升國內核燃料棒供應，另提供聯邦土地，供軍方核電廠、人工智慧(AI)大型數據庫所用。
川普在白宮的行政命令簽字典禮上表示，使用核能的時候到了；參加典禮的核能業界執行長包括星座能源(Constellation Energy)的多明葛茲(Joseph Dominguez)、核電廠開發公司奧克洛(Oklo)的執行長德維特(Jacob DeWitte)。
這批行政命令的目標，是在未來25年內把核電產量增加四倍；要達成這個目標，核電業要克服長期以來，成本超支及建廠時程拖太久的情形。
大型科技公司大力推動更多核電需求。先進AI系統蓋好，其用電量好比一個城市，因此21世紀電力需求量，首度飛快大增。
科技巨擘一直追求電力，但碰到的障礙有供電網積壓嚴重，另要取得必備的專門設備，才能聯上供電網。亞馬遜及谷歌等已簽下合約，要購買未來核電廠、天然氣發電廠、再生能源電廠所產出的電力。
雖說核電廠被視為造出無碳能源、很有吸引力的方案，替代煤、天然氣發電，但想蓋新核電廠要花費多年才獲批准，要蓋好更要十年或更久。川普的行政命令旨在大幅縮短這些時程。
多明葛茲在白宮典禮上表示，美國在批准核電廠一事，浪費太多時間。
白宮「科學科技政策辦公室」(Office of Science and Technology Policy)主任克拉特西奧斯(Michael Kratsios)指出，談到核電科技，美國偉大的創新公司、創業人士一直遇到艱鉅障礙；簽署這批行政命令可以確保「美國支配能源，提供買得起、可靠、安全的電力給全體國人」。
川普總統23日簽署行政命令，加速核能電廠的興建速度。（美聯社）
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歐洲掀核能復興 德國不再反對核能列再生能源
轉自 CNA 2025/05/20 14:46:22
（中央社柏林/巴黎19日綜合外電報導）法國官員證實稍早相關報導，指德國新內閣已向法方釋出信號，在歐盟相關立法時不再反對將核能視同再生能源。
路透社報導，歐盟最大經濟體的德、法兩國，長年就應否藉核能達成減碳目標爭論不休，以致歐盟應對氣候變遷的相關決策延宕。
法國約有70%能源仰賴核電，是歐洲推動核能的主要倡議者；相較之下德國已逐步淘汰國內核電廠，認為核能固然低碳但並非再生能源。
然而過去稱退出核能為錯誤的新任德國總理梅爾茨（Friedrich Merz）上台後，允諾與法國改善關係。隨許多歐洲國家打算重拾核能以取代俄國天然氣，持反核立場的德國益發顯得孤立。
市場分析機構ICIS的電力分析師錢伯斯（Ellie Chambers）告訴路透社，在德國改變立場後，歐洲僅剩奧地利仍是主要反核國家，此舉也給歐盟執委會壓力，得撥更多款項給核能。
法國一名官員今天證實，「金融時報」於19日稍早刊登的相關報導為真，即德國已釋出信號，將放棄長期以來的反核立場，是德法關係出現和解的第一道具體跡象。
這名法國官員特別點出本月梅爾茨與法國總統馬克宏在費加洛報（Le Figaro）上發表的一篇聯名文章，兩人在文中表示，德、法「將基於淨零排放、競爭力和主權，重新調整能源政策」。
兩人當時在文章中說：「這牽涉到落實技術中立原則，確保歐盟境內所有低碳能源都能獲平等對待。」
路透社稱歐洲各地正掀起一波核能復興潮。比利時已通過法律，終止原訂的核能除役計畫；瑞典與部分中歐國家也計畫新建更多核電機組。（譯者：陳亦偉）
個人積分：328分
文章編號：91615815
ㄧ語道破 [汗]
大哥說得對～～～[打氣][打氣]
個人積分：1065分
文章編號：91615823
川普簽署行政命令 提升美國煤炭產量因應發電需求
新聞要不要看全部?
「根據美國能源情報署(EIA)，燃煤發電廠佔美國發電的比例已從2000年的50%，降至不到20%。因為水力壓裂和其他鑽井技術提升了天然氣的產量。太陽能和風力發電的成長也減少了煤炭的使用。」
真的，不能只看標題[大笑]
個人積分：5分
文章編號：91615922
kantinger wrote:
https://www...(恕刪)
白宮官網
你貼的那篇文章是4月9號的新聞，川普新的行政命令是5月23號發的...
原文以下，你就自己慢慢看，剩下我懶得講了，要再加油啦！
By the authority vested in me as President by the Constitution and the laws of the United States of America, it is hereby ordered:
Section 1. Purpose. Abundant energy is a vital national- and economic-security interest. In conjunction with domestic fossil fuel production, nuclear energy can liberate America from dependence on geopolitical rivals. It can power not only traditional manufacturing industries but also cutting-edge, energy-intensive industries such as artificial intelligence and quantum computing.
Between 1954 and 1978, the United States authorized the construction of 133 since-completed civilian nuclear reactors at 81 power plants. Since 1978, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has authorized only a fraction of that number; of these, only two reactors have entered into commercial operation. The NRC charges applicants by the hour to process license applications, with prolonged timelines that maximize fees while throttling nuclear power development. The NRC has failed to license new reactors even as technological advances promise to make nuclear power safer, cheaper, more adaptable, and more abundant than ever.
This failure stems from a fundamental error: Instead of efficiently promoting safe, abundant nuclear energy, the NRC has instead tried to insulate Americans from the most remote risks without appropriate regard for the severe domestic and geopolitical costs of such risk aversion. The NRC utilizes safety models that posit there is no safe threshold of radiation exposure and that harm is directly proportional to the amount of exposure. Those models lack sound scientific basis and produce irrational results, such as requiring that nuclear plants protect against radiation below naturally occurring levels. A myopic policy of minimizing even trivial risks ignores the reality that substitute forms of energy production also carry risk, such as pollution with potentially deleterious health effects.
Recent events in Europe, such as the nationwide blackouts in Spain and Portugal, underscore the importance of my Administration’s focus on dispatchable power generation –including nuclear power — over intermittent power. Beginning today, my Administration will reform the NRC, including its structure, personnel, regulations, and basic operations. In so doing, we will produce lasting American dominance in the global nuclear energy market, create tens of thousands of high-paying jobs, and generate American-led prosperity and resilience.
Sec. 2. Policy. It is the policy of the United States to:
(a) Reestablish the United States as the global leader in nuclear energy;
(b) Facilitate increased deployment of new nuclear reactor technologies, such as Generation III+ and IV reactors, modular reactors, and microreactors, including by lowering regulatory and cost barriers to entry;
(c) Facilitate the expansion of American nuclear energy capacity from approximately 100 GW in 2024 to 400 GW by 2050;
(d) Employ emerging technologies to safely accelerate the modeling, simulation, testing, and approval of new reactor designs;
(e) Support the continued operation of, and facilitate appropriate operational extensions for, the current nuclear fleet, as well as the reactivation of prematurely shuttered or partially completed nuclear facilities; and
(f) Maintain the United States’ leading reputation for nuclear safety.
Sec. 3. Reforming the NRC’s Culture. The Congress has mandated that the NRC’s “licensing and regulation of the civilian use of radioactive materials and nuclear energy be conducted in a manner that is efficient and does not unnecessarily limit — (1) the civilian use of radioactive materials and deployment of nuclear energy; or (2) the benefits of civilian use of radioactive materials and nuclear energy technology to society.” Accelerating Deployment of Versatile, Advanced Nuclear for Clean Energy Act of 2024, Public Law 118-67, sec. 501(a). Just as the Congress directed, the NRC’s mission shall include facilitating nuclear power while ensuring reactor safety. When carrying out its licensing and related regulatory functions, the NRC shall consider the benefits of increased availability of, and innovation in, nuclear power to our economic and national security in addition to safety, health, and environmental considerations.
Sec. 4. Reforming the NRC’s Structure. (a) The current structure and staffing of the NRC are misaligned with the Congress’s directive that the NRC shall not unduly restrict the benefits of nuclear power. The NRC shall, in consultation with the NRC’s DOGE Team (as defined in Executive Order 14158 of January 20, 2025 (Establishing and Implementing the President’s “Department of Government Efficiency”)), and consistent with its governing statutes, reorganize the NRC to promote the expeditious processing of license applications and the adoption of innovative technology. The NRC shall undertake reductions in force in conjunction with this reorganization, though certain functions may increase in size consistent with the policies in this order, including those devoted to new reactor licensing. The NRC shall also create a dedicated team of at least 20 officials to draft the new regulations directed by section 5 of this order.
(b) The personnel and functions of the Advisory Committee on Reactor Safeguards (ACRS) shall be reduced to the minimum necessary to fulfill ACRS’s statutory obligations. Review by ACRS of permitting and licensing issues shall focus on issues that are truly novel or noteworthy.
Sec. 5. Reforming and Modernizing the NRC’s Regulations. The NRC, working with its DOGE Team, the Office of Management and Budget, and other executive departments and agencies as appropriate, shall undertake a review and wholesale revision of its regulations and guidance documents, and issue notice(s) of proposed rulemaking effecting this revision within 9 months of the date of this order. The NRC shall issue final rules and guidance to conclude this revision process within 18 months of the date of this order. In conducting this wholesale revision, the NRC shall be guided by the policies set forth in section 2 of this order and shall in particular:
(a) Establish fixed deadlines for its evaluation and approval of licenses, license amendments, license renewals, certificates of compliance, power uprates, license transfers, and any other activity requested by a licensee or potential licensee, as directed under the Nuclear Energy Innovation and Modernization Act, rather than the nonbinding “generic milestone schedules” guidelines the NRC has already adopted. Those deadlines shall be enforced by fixed caps on the NRC’s recovery of hourly fees. The deadlines shall include: (1) a deadline of no more than 18 months for final decision on an application to construct and operate a new reactor of any type, commencing with the first required step in the regulatory process, and (2) a deadline of no more than 1 year for final decision on an application to continue operating an existing reactor of any type, commencing with the first required step in the regulatory process. The regulations should not provide for tolling those deadlines except in instances of applicant failure, and must allow a reasonably diligent applicant to navigate the licensing process successfully in the time allotted. Moreover, these are maximum time periods; the NRC shall adopt shorter deadlines tailored to particular reactor types or licensing pathways as appropriate.
(b) Adopt science-based radiation limits. In particular, the NRC shall reconsider reliance on the linear no-threshold (LNT) model for radiation exposure and the “as low as reasonably achievable” standard, which is predicated on LNT. Those models are flawed, as discussed in section 1 of this order. In reconsidering those limits, the NRC shall specifically consider adopting determinate radiation limits, and in doing so shall consult with the Department of Defense (DOD), the Department of Energy (DOE), and the Environmental Protection Agency.
(c) Revise, in consultation with the Council on Environmental Quality, NRC regulations governing NRC’s compliance with the National Environmental Policy Act to reflect the Congress’s 2023 amendments to that statute and the policies articulated in sections 2 and 5 of Executive Order 14154 of January 20, 2025 (Unleashing American Energy).
(d) Establish an expedited pathway to approve reactor designs that the DOD or the DOE have tested and that have demonstrated the ability to function safely. NRC review of such designs shall focus solely on risks that may arise from new applications permitted by NRC licensure, rather than revisiting risks that have already been addressed in the DOE or DOD processes.
(e) Establish a process for high-volume licensing of microreactors and modular reactors, including by allowing for standardized applications and approvals and by considering to what extent such reactors or components thereof should be regulated through general licenses.
(f) Establish stringent thresholds for circumstances in which the NRC may demand changes to reactor design once construction is underway.
(g) Revise the Reactor Oversight Process and reactor security rules and requirements to reduce unnecessary burdens and be responsive to credible risks.
(h) Adopt revised and, where feasible, determinate and data-backed thresholds to ensure that reactor safety assessments focus on credible, realistic risks.
(i) Reconsider the regulations governing the time period for which a renewed license remains effective, and extend that period as appropriate based on available technological and safety data.
(j) Streamline the public hearings process.
Sec. 6. General Provisions. (a) Nothing in this order shall be construed to impair or otherwise affect:
(i) the authority granted by law to an executive department or agency, or the head thereof; or
(ii) the functions of the Director of the Office of Management and Budget relating to budgetary, administrative, or legislative proposals.
(b) This order shall be implemented consistent with applicable law and subject to the availability of appropriations.
(c) This order is not intended to, and does not, create any right or benefit, substantive or procedural, enforceable at law or in equity by any party against the United States, its departments, agencies, or entities, its officers, employees, or agents, or any other person.
(d) The Nuclear Regulatory Commission shall provide funding for publication of this order in the Federal Register.
DONALD J. TRUMP
THE WHITE HOUSE,
May 23, 2025.
個人積分：133分
文章編號：91615946
個人積分：3053分
文章編號：91615965
個人積分：11843分
文章編號：91616145
個人積分：14385分
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個人積分：133分
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